浸渗技术的古代应用(含浸技术的由来)The ancient application of Infiltration technology (including the origin of infiltration technology)：

　　其实浸渗技术不是现代社会最先使用的，在古代人们就已经开始利用浸渗技术来进行生产活动，虽然其使用目的与现代浸渗目的不同，但这应该是最古老的浸渗技术。但我们不得不佩服祖先的智慧。

　　In fact, infiltration technology is not the first to be used in modern society. In ancient times, people have already started to use infiltration technology to carry out production activities. Although the purpose of its use is different from that of modern infiltration, it should be the oldest infiltration technology. But we have to admire the wisdom of our ancestors.

　　1、最典型的古代浸渗技术是切割巨大岩石技术The most typical ancient infiltration technique is the cutting of huge rocks：

　　古时候没有岩石切割机械，那么，建筑以及装饰所需要的巨大大岩石是如何切割的呢?实际上从古代开始，人们就已经开始掌握了简单的浸渗技术及其原理，在大岩石上开一些孔将干燥的木棒打入孔内，人们利用浸渗原理通过干燥的木棒的微孔吸收水分进入木棒，则木棒开始膨胀，大家知道木材吸收水分其膨胀的压力是非常大的，靠其膨胀的巨大力度使岩石裂开，这样就达到了切割岩石的效果。利用干燥木棒吸收水分膨胀，这应该是最古老的浸渗技术吧。

　　There were no rock cutting machines in ancient times, so how were the huge rocks used for buildings and decorations cut? Actually since ancient times, people began to master the simple impregnation technology and its principle, on the big rock to open some dry stick into the hole, the hole people by using the theory of infiltration microporous absorb water through the dry sticks sticks, the rods began to swell, as we all know wood imbibe its inflation pressure is very big, It expands with so much force that it cracks the rock, and in this way it cuts the rock. The use of dry wood to absorb water expansion, this should be the oldest infiltration technology.

　　2、防止木制品变形的木材浸渗技术Wood infiltration technology to prevent deformation of wood products：

　　木制品因干燥或湿润而发生膨胀收缩变形，比如工具木制手柄、刀柄等木制品变形而松脱，木器变形等。为解决这个问题，人们在做好木制品后用树脂浸渗到其内部，这样就解决了这个问题。这种浸渗目的与现代木材浸渗目的是相同的，现在还在使用。

　　Wood products due to dry or wet and expansion shrinkage deformation, such as tool wooden handle, tool handle and other wood products deformation and loose, wood deformation. To solve this problem, people made wood products with resin infiltration into the interior, thus solving the problem. The purpose of this infiltration is the same as that of modern wood infiltration, which is still used today.

　　浸渗技术的当代应用Contemporary applications of infiltration technology

　　1、防止军用飞机的铝合金铸造零件微孔泄漏Prevent the microhole leakage of the aluminum alloy casting parts of military aircraft：

　　飞机是1905年试飞成功，在1914-1918年第一次世界大战得到应用，在1939-1945年第二次世界大战金属材质的飞机得到了广泛应用。

　　金属材质飞机上的铝合金铸造零件由于在铸造时存在着眼睛看不到的针孔气孔缩孔等微孔，这些是由于在铸造时铝合金产生了气体和模具中原有气体在材料内部到处移动而形成的，或者成型过程中冷却收缩导致的。

　　视针孔等不同特性，可能会导致从部件的内部向外部发生泄漏。如零部件壳体内部的润滑油、油脂、冷却水、汽油、空气、空调用致冷剂气体等液体、气体会泄漏。此外，会从外部渗入水分等，会对部件的功能造成影响甚至损害。

　　所以需要进行浸渗处理，浸渗处理是指使液体状的浸渗剂渗入铸件微孔内部，使其固化，从而防止发生零件漏气漏油渗水等现象。此浸渗技术是在1940年开始应用到此军工方面的。由于在美国是军工生产的重要生产工序，所以美国军工企业和军事管理部门制定了浸渗标准，之后经过几次更新，更新后的浸渗剂的标准是MIL-I-17563C，至今仍然在使用此标准。浸渗处理的标准是MIL-STD-276A，至今仍然在使用。

　　The aircraft was successfully tested in 1905, and was used in World War I from 1914-1918, and in World War II from 1939-1945, metal aircraft were widely used.

　　The aluminum alloy casting parts on the metal plane are due to the existence of micro pores such as pinhole porosity and shrinkage that can not be seen by the eyes during casting. These are formed due to the gas produced by the aluminum alloy during casting and the original gas in the mold moving around in the material, or caused by cooling and shrinkage in the forming process.

　　Different characteristics, such as pinholes, may cause leakage from the inside of the component to the outside. Such as lubricating oil, grease, cooling water, gasoline, air, air conditioning refrigerant gas and other liquids and gases inside the shell of the parts will leak. In addition, moisture will infiltrate from the outside, which will affect or even damage the function of the components.

　　Therefore, it is necessary to carry out infiltration treatment. Infiltration treatment is to allow the liquid infiltration agent to penetrate into the inner pores of the casting, so as to solidify it, so as to prevent the occurrence of parts leakage, oil leakage and water seepage. The infiltration technology was applied to the military industry in 1940. Since it is an important production process in military production in the United States, the American military enterprise and military management department formulated the infiltration standard. After several updates, the updated infiltration agent standard is MIL-I-17563C, which is still in use today. The standard for infiltration treatment was MIL-STD-276A, which is still in use today.

　　2、军用转民用Military to civilian use：

　　后来在汽车、摩托车、火车、船舶、空调等家用电器产业、水泵和管件等五金方面等耐压铸件以及齿轮和电子零件、粉末冶金件也得到广泛应用，在耐压压铸零件的批量生产过程中，一般会产生8~50%左右的零件泄漏。如将其完全重新铸造，将会花费巨大的成本，因此，浸渗广泛应用到民间企业。所以浸渗处理在质量保证、降低生产成本方面起到了关键作用，成为了一道非常重要的生产工序。

　　Later, in the automobile, motorcycle, train, ship, air conditioning and other household appliances industry, water pump and pipe fittings and other hardware, such as pressure castings, gear and electronic parts, powder metallurgy parts are also widely used. In the mass production process of pressure die-casting parts, generally will produce about 8~ 50% of the parts leakage. If it is completely re-cast, it will cost a huge amount of money, so infiltration is widely used in private enterprises. Therefore, infiltration treatment plays a key role in quality assurance and reducing production costs, and has become a very important production process.

　　3、其它应用Other applications：

　　在电子元器件及电机线圈绝缘、零件防锈方面等也得到广泛的应用。

　　另外在提高零件的物理性能方面如提高零件的切割性能以延长切割刀具的使用寿命也得到了应用。

　　另外，在金属表面处理如电镀、喷漆、喷塑工序之前也应用着浸渗处理，可以提高电镀、喷漆以及喷塑的品质，表面更光洁不会产生斑点、凹凸，并可延长零件寿命。

　　It is also widely used in electronic components and motor coil insulation, parts rust prevention, etc.

　　In addition to improve the physical properties of parts such as improving the cutting performance of parts to extend the service life of cutting tools has also been applied.

　　In addition, in the metal surface treatment such as electroplating, spray painting, plastic spraying process is also applied infiltration treatment, can improve the quality of electroplating, spray painting and plastic spraying, the surface is more smooth will not produce spots, bumps, and can extend the life of parts.

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